What it is

Depression is a mood disorder characterized by persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in activities that once brought pleasure. It affects how a person thinks, feels, and behaves, and can have a significant impact on all aspects of daily life.

Signs

Signs of depression can vary but may include:

• Persistent sadness

• Loss of interest or pleasure in activities

• Changes in appetite or weight

• Sleep disturbances (insomnia or hypersomnia)

• Fatigue or loss of energy

• Feelings of worthlessness or guilt

• Difficulty concentrating or making decisions

• Thoughts of death or suicidal.

Causes

The exact causes of depression are not fully understood, but it is believed to result from a combination of genetic, biological, environmental, and psychological factors.

• Biological factors (such as genetics, brain chemistry, and hormones)

• Life events (such as trauma, grief, or stress)

• Medical conditions

• Certain medications

• Family history of depression.

Adjustments

Managing depression involves a multi-faceted approach that addresses the underlying causes and symptoms of the illness. This may include:

• Establishing a routine

• Engaging in regular physical activity

• Maintaining a balanced diet

• Getting adequate sleep

• Avoiding alcohol and drugs

• Seeking support from loved ones

• Therapy (such as CBT or interpersonal therapy

• Practicing self-care activities.